As the world cup is an international tournament, a country can't send clubs it sends its international outfit to play. So only one team can ever play from that country, unless you mean like North and South Korea.
The United Kingdom has three - England, Wales, and Scotland. But I am not sure what other countries would have the history and the political good will to manage that. Plus you'd need financing and time and a whole lot else.
NZ had 38 players born in this country representing other nations at the 2011 WC. Including 15 in the Samoan squad.